Positive Effects of Conservation Tillage Essay -- Agriculture Farming

Positive Effects of saving TillageFor centuries farmers have used plowing as a tool for weed control, andin nearly cases to promote plant growth. At first man had used animals to pullplows and other equipment, with the invention of the tractor work that wouldnormally be through with(p) with animals could be done more easily and quickly. Althoughplowing has been a common and widely used tool for managing weed control,there are many negative impacts associated with this method. Conservation horticulture is a method where some of crop residues, if not all of crop residues,are left on the surface of the soil. Conservation tillage methods have performpopular in many areas around the world, and while many of the effects ofpreservation tillage are still under research, many farmers have prove thatit helps to not only protect the health of their fields, but also that itsaves both time and money.Research shows that conservation tillage has many beneficial effects much(prenominal) as the reduction of soil compaction, increases in biodiversity, highercrop yields, decreases in erosion, reductions in fuel requirements and othercapital inputs for machinery, and up to a seventy percent reduction of preharvestlabor. Researchers are not the only ones that are noticing thatconservation tillage has a promising future which combines low laborrequirements with low erosion pass judgment (Giere, 2002). In America, eighteenpercent of crop fields are managed using conservation tillage methods, and inParaguay ninety percent of fields are managed with conservation tillagemethods (Karasov, 2002). Though the percent of conservation tillage in theUnited States may not be as high as other areas in the world, it is projectedthat nearly eighty ... ...2004, October). To Plow or Not To Plow Balancing Slug Populationswith Environmental Concerns and Soil Health. Agricultural Research, 16-17.Durham, S. (2003, March). Drought Survival with Conservation Tillage.Agricultural Research, 22.Giere , J.P., Johnson, K.M., & Perkins, J.H. (1980). A Closer Look at No-TillFarming. Environment, 22(6), 15-20, 37-40Karasov, C. (2002, February). Spare the Plow, Save the Soil. EnvironmentalHealth Perspectives, 22(2), A75Machado, A.F.L., Jakelaitis, A., Ferrriera, et al.(2005). Population Dynamicsof Weeds in No-Tillage and Conventional curry Systems. Journal ofEnvironmental Science and Health, B40, 119-128.Runion, S.B., Prior, S.A., Reeves, D.W., et al.(2004). Microbial Responses toWheel Traffic in Conventional and No-Tillage Systems. Communications inSoil Science and Plant Analysis, 35, 2891-2903.

Computer Illiteracy :: Computer Illiteracy

Society is currently in a period of rapid technical change. Computers are meet a household item as well as a highly advanced tool for most every workplace. The completed world is interlinked with the Internet and information is being transferred across the globe in a matter of seconds. Computers are getting smaller and quicker and the summate of information they can store is getting larger. In this information society that we are becoming, a new advanced form of literacy threatens to debilitate anyone who refuses to step into the ready reckoner age. Computer illiteracy endangers not only the individual but our nations economy. Whether you like it or not, calculating machines are the new language and those who refuse to encounter this will be left in the dust . Computer illiteracy must be addressed now or there will be a whole new population of specialized illiterates in America. There is no doubt that computers are firmly implanted in our nations daily existence. Everyday I us e a computer at least once, either writing a paper, surfing the Internet or checking my e-mail. On a recent trip to the library to do research I was quickly escorted by a librarian to the variety of computer databases, which are the high-speed and most current source of information I found a survey in Statistical Abstracts of the United States comparing students use of computers in kindergarten through college from 1984 to 1993. A total of 27.3% of students used computers in schools in 1984, while a total of 59.0% used computers in 1993. This shows a steady rise in scholastic computer use and these figures are probably greatly inflated by now in 1997. Sadly, many multitude refuse to face the onslaught of computer technology. A 1994 survey conducted by Dell Computers indicated the 55% of Americans are phobic or resistant to computers (Column). In addition, many important people, including CEOs of major companies, are rumored to be computer illiterate (Column). The former CEO of I BM even admitted to never using a computer (Column). Fortunately, PCs are becoming more and more user friendly as the technology improves. Fewer errors, less maintenance and quicker functioning should encourage many reluctant people to finally step into the new era. Computer literacy requires that an individual be able to word process and have a raw material knowledge of CD-Roms, database and the Internet. These are the basic objectives of computer literacy, just as composition may be the objective of regular literacy.

Dogs Essay -- Shelter Dogs

The results of the study scaled the dogs on five dimensions of behavior temperament playfulness, curiosity/fearfulness, chase-proneness, sociability, and aggressiveness (De Palma et al., 2005). Dogs living in rescue provides were assessed as demonstrating a pitiable-down degree of playfulness, showing distraction by the environment when being enticed to play. The sheltered dogs also scored low on curiosity but, high on fearful behavior. The cortisol levels for the sheltered dogs were significantly higher than the cortisol levels of canines living in households, indicative of stress and anxiety associated with shelter lifestyle. Shelter dogs showed a low proportion of chase-proneness supported by demonstrations of low physical activity and excitability. Shelter dogs were assessed as exhibiting low levels of sociability toward conspecies but, a high sociability when concerning humans (De Palma et al., 2005). This wind was also demonstrated when observing levels of aggressiveness th e dogs seemed more antagonistic toward conspecies than humans. It should be noted that shelter dogs displayed rare bouts of hostile behavior and results were supported by subatomic data.It is interesting to find a set of shared characteristics existing in canines living in rescue shelters. Such findings lead one to speculate if the shelter environment may be partly responsible for inducing behavior characteristics? After all, dogs living in shelters are subjected to a variety of stressors including isolation from extension figures, loss of control, intense noise, and a multitude of other distressing stimuli (Tuber, Miller, Caris, Halter, Linden & Hennessy, 1999). A dog enduring such a harsh environment is probable to acquire abnormal social behavior, retarded ... ...able the rescue staff and volunteers to be proficiently skilled in executing canine behavioral therapies. As a result, shelters would be able to help community members eradicate problem behaviors and improve the bon d with their pets. This would allow shelters to become a first resource, not just a final solution.Part TwoReview of Personal ExperiencesSince as far back as I can remember, I have always love dogs As a young girl, I would often beg my parents to let me adopt one, but they refused. My father was not keen on dogs and had a low tolerance for their typical behaviors. I was determined to get a dog, despite my parents denial. Whenever I would encounter a dog unaccompanied by its owner, I would pay off it home with me. When I was confronted by my parents, I would cry and make up some elaborate story as to why we had to rescue that dog.

Islam And The Middle East Essay -- Politics Religion

The current state of governance in Middle Eastern countries is one that demonstrates numerous examples of human rights being violated and preposterous actions being interpreted in the name of Islam, the most widely practiced religion in the region. In light of these instances the question posed is whether or not religious beliefs should be excluded from the considerateness of general policy in the area. Despite the current state of affairs in the Middle East, this paper asserts that religious beliefs should not be excluded from the consideration of public policy as this would involve ignoring the undeniable fact that Islam plays a major role in Middle Eastern public life, it would lead to the give out protection of ethnic and religious minorities and it would result in development since the objectives of Islam and public policy coincide more often than not. When discussing the role of religion with regards to public policy one cannot help but recall Max Webbers observation on the subject, where he notes a decline of religion especially in the public sphere. This paper will demonstrate the compatibility and importance of religion with public policy by highlighting the wealth of common objectives that the two share, placing a key fierceness on the interdependence of Islam and Middle Eastern life. It will also explore the high-quality treatment extended to minorities in Middle Eastern states while drawing parallels with westerly societies and discussing the incompatibility of Islam and the Universal resolving Of man Rights.In stating that religion should be detached from public policy the implication is that governments should be secular. This however is not thinkable in an area such as the Middle East as Muslims not only perceive Islam as a... ...12 November 2010.British Broadcasting Corporation. French wank ban comes into force. 2 September 2004. Web. 15 November 2010.Esposito, John L., and James P. Piscatori. Democratization and Islam. The Middle Eas t Journal 45.3 (1991) 427. Proquest Research Library Scholars Portal. Web. EuropeNews. Is Islam Compatible With Democracy And tender-hearted Rights Part I. 22 June 2009. Web. 18 November 2010.The Islamic Council Of Europe. Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights. 19 September 1981. Web. 12 November 2010.The Organization Of The Islamic Conference. The Cairo Declaration On Human Rights In Islam. Web. 15th November 2010. The United Nations. MINORITY RIGHTS AND THE PREVENTION OF ETHNIC CONFLICTS. By Dr Fernand de Varennes. 22-26 May 2000. Web. 16 November 2010.The United Nations. The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights. Web. 15 November 2010.

Blind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral Essay -- Carver Cathedral Es

Blind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral In the recital Cathedral by Raymond Carver, the main character, goes through a major personal transformation. At the beginning of the tier, his opinions of others are filled with stereotypes, discrimination and prejudice. Through interaction with his wifes cunning friend Robert, his attitude and outlook on life changes. Although at first he seemed afraid to associate with a blind man, Roberts outgoing personality odd him with virtually no choice. During Roberts visit, he proved to be a normal man, and showed the speaker that by closing his eyes, he could open his mind. The speakers prejudice was nearly overpower at the opening of the story. His being blind bothered me, he said. A blind man in my house was not something I looked forward to. He had never really come in personal opposition with anyone before who was blind, and seemed to have no idea of what to expect. He admittedly gathered a uninspired mind set about blind people fro m movies, assuming they moved slowly and never laughed. The characters prejudice was also evident when he asked about Roberts deceased wife. Upon hearing her name Beulah, he asked, Was his wife a inkiness? Immediately, his wife seemed offended at the question. The paragraphs that follow are important to the story. The speaker informs the readers that his wife told him the story of Robert and Beulah. H... ...interracial relationships. However because of the way he acts when he hears about the dickens of them, it is obvious that he has led a sheltered life. But even after his whole life of not understanding what was going on in the world around him, one night with Robert enlightened him and changed his view on people and his border environment. Works Cited and Consulted Bethea, Arthur F. Carvers Cathedral The Explicator. Spring 1998 132-134. Carver, Raymond. Cathedral. The Harper Anthology of Fiction. Ed. Sylvan Barnet. virgin York HarperCollins, 1991. 1052-1062. Nesset, Kirk . Insularity and Self-Enlargement in Raymond Carvers Cathedral. try ons in Literature. March 22, 1994 116. Blind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral Essay -- Carver Cathedral EsBlind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral In the story Cathedral by Raymond Carver, the main character, goes through a major personal transformation. At the beginning of the story, his opinions of others are filled with stereotypes, discrimination and prejudice. Through interaction with his wifes blind friend Robert, his attitude and outlook on life changes. Although at first he seemed afraid to associate with a blind man, Roberts outgoing personality left him with virtually no choice. During Roberts visit, he proved to be a normal man, and showed the speaker that by closing his eyes, he could open his mind. The speakers prejudice was nearly overwhelming at the opening of the story. His being blind bothered me, he said. A blind man in my house was not something I looked forward to. He had n ever really come in personal contact with anyone before who was blind, and seemed to have no idea of what to expect. He admittedly gathered a stereotypical mind set about blind people from movies, assuming they moved slowly and never laughed. The characters prejudice was also evident when he asked about Roberts deceased wife. Upon hearing her name Beulah, he asked, Was his wife a Negro? Immediately, his wife seemed offended at the question. The paragraphs that follow are important to the story. The speaker informs the readers that his wife told him the story of Robert and Beulah. H... ...interracial relationships. However because of the way he acts when he hears about the two of them, it is obvious that he has led a sheltered life. But even after his entire life of not understanding what was going on in the world around him, one night with Robert enlightened him and changed his view on people and his surrounding environment. Works Cited and Consulted Bethea, Arthur F. Carvers Cat hedral The Explicator. Spring 1998 132-134. Carver, Raymond. Cathedral. The Harper Anthology of Fiction. Ed. Sylvan Barnet. New York HarperCollins, 1991. 1052-1062. Nesset, Kirk. Insularity and Self-Enlargement in Raymond Carvers Cathedral. Essays in Literature. March 22, 1994 116.

Blind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral Essay -- Carver Cathedral Es

Blind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral In the story Cathedral by Raymond Carver, the briny character, goes through a major personal transformation. At the parentage of the story, his opinions of others are fil conduct with stereotypes, discrimination and prejudice. Through interaction with his wifes blind friend Robert, his attitude and prospect on life changes. Although at first he seemed panic-stricken to associate with a blind humankind, Roberts outgoing personality left him with virtually no choice. During Roberts visit, he proved to be a normal man, and showed the speaker that by closing his eyes, he could open his mind. The speakers prejudice was nearly overwhelming at the opening of the story. His cosmos blind bothered me, he said. A blind man in my house was not something I looked forward to. He had neer really love in personal contact with any wholeness before who was blind, and seemed to have no idea of what to expect. He admittedly gathered a stereotypical min d set close blind people from movies, assuming they moved slowly and never laughed. The characters prejudice was also evident when he asked about Roberts deceased wife. Upon hearing her name Beulah, he asked, Was his wife a Negro? Immediately, his wife seemed offended at the question. The paragraphs that follow are important to the story. The speaker informs the readers that his wife told him the story of Robert and Beulah. H... ...interracial relationships. However because of the way he acts when he hears about the two of them, it is obvious that he has led a sheltered life. But even after his entire life of not intelligence what was going on in the world around him, one night with Robert enlightened him and changed his view on people and his surrounding environment. Works Cited and Consulted Bethea, Arthur F. Carvers Cathedral The Explicator. ricochet 1998 132-134. Carver, Raymond. Cathedral. The Harper Anthology of Fiction. Ed. Sylvan Barnet. New York HarperCollins, 1991. 1 052-1062. Nesset, Kirk. Insularity and Self-Enlargement in Raymond Carvers Cathedral. Essays in Literature. March 22, 1994 116. Blind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral Essay -- Carver Cathedral EsBlind Faith in Raymond Carvers Cathedral In the story Cathedral by Raymond Carver, the main character, goes through a major personal transformation. At the beginning of the story, his opinions of others are filled with stereotypes, discrimination and prejudice. Through interaction with his wifes blind friend Robert, his attitude and outlook on life changes. Although at first he seemed afraid to associate with a blind man, Roberts outgoing personality left him with virtually no choice. During Roberts visit, he proved to be a normal man, and showed the speaker that by closing his eyes, he could open his mind. The speakers prejudice was nearly overwhelming at the opening of the story. His being blind bothered me, he said. A blind man in my house was not something I looked forward to. He had never really come in personal contact with anyone before who was blind, and seemed to have no idea of what to expect. He admittedly gathered a stereotypical mind set about blind people from movies, assuming they moved slowly and never laughed. The characters prejudice was also evident when he asked about Roberts deceased wife. Upon hearing her name Beulah, he asked, Was his wife a Negro? Immediately, his wife seemed offended at the question. The paragraphs that follow are important to the story. The speaker informs the readers that his wife told him the story of Robert and Beulah. H... ...interracial relationships. However because of the way he acts when he hears about the two of them, it is obvious that he has led a sheltered life. But even after his entire life of not understanding what was going on in the world around him, one night with Robert enlightened him and changed his view on people and his surrounding environment. Works Cited and Consulted Bethea, A rthur F. Carvers Cathedral The Explicator. Spring 1998 132-134. Carver, Raymond. Cathedral. The Harper Anthology of Fiction. Ed. Sylvan Barnet. New York HarperCollins, 1991. 1052-1062. Nesset, Kirk. Insularity and Self-Enlargement in Raymond Carvers Cathedral. Essays in Literature. March 22, 1994 116.

City Road Essay Essay

In your own words, define difference and inequality, and provide an example of each on City Road.This assay serves to define difference and inequality and provide an example of each within City Road, situated in Cardiff. It is clear that within city road, many differences argon apparent, between the people that live and work there. From some of these differences, inequality can become apparent (The Open University, 2014).Difference and inequality although often associated in feature do not have the same meaning. Difference defined, is the contrasts between groups of people based on gender, class, age, sexual practice, and race or ethnicity (Blakeley and Staples, 2014, P.25). In comparison inequality is the unequal distribution of primarily economic resources within a society or between societies themselves (Blakeley and Staples, 2014, P.25).City Road is home to many people of different gender, class, age, sexuality and race or ethnicities and different business types. It is these different business types that attract people for different reasons, for example Janet Symmons Xquisite Africa shop has been specifically designed to attract those of African ethnicity who may feel excluded from other shops on city road and want a place where they can purchase items from their native country (The Open University, 2014). In The Life and Times of the Street Part 1, the Mackintosh centre which is now a sports club has an upper class history, the building makes it look expensive and exclusive, even though it tries to be inclusive to all in the community. This perception of it being expensive and a members only type brass section is why people feel they dont belong at the Mackintosh centre.Reference ListThe Open University (2014) Inequalities on the street Video, DD102 Introducing the Social Sciences. getable at https//learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/veiw.php?id=443760ion=3.2(12/10/2014).Blakeley, G. and Staples, M. (2014) The life and times of the street, in Blakeley, G. and Allen, J. (eds) Understanding Social Lives, Part 1, Milton Keynes The Open University.

DBQ apush Essay

To what extent did the the Statesn Revolution fundamentally change American society? In your answer be sure to address the political, social, and economic effects of the Revolution in the period from 1775 to 1800.Notes from Mr. Williams This essay was given to 2 ndperiod APUSH on their first in class essay. Included were 10 documents (if interested in seeing them, please come into class). The DBQ writer needed to take ideas and topics from the documents, and ADD crucial outside fact and analysis.Notice that this writer does a complete job. He/shedeals with the entire question (deals with extent) and answers the question from economic, political and social points of view. Additionally, he/she used a significant amount of documents and included outside knowledge.After the American Revolution, Americans, who were free of British control, started to reevaluate politics, the economy and society. After breaking away from what they thought was a corrupt and evil government, Americans chan ged how the y wanted togovern their society, even though they ultimately reverted to a more centralized government similar to Britain.The uneducated masses, as viewed by the elite, didnt experience a lot of change though the ideals from the revolution still guided some to seekbetter financial opportunities. Women, slaves, and loyalist experienced a considerable amount of change in society as women experienced more freedoms, some slaves were set free, and loyalist left America. Overall, America didnt experience a l ot of economicchange, but it did experience, to varying degrees, political and socialchange.

Mrs Morel, and How She Ruined Lives in Sons and Lovers Essay

Gertrude Morel, a give whose possessive love for her sons hinders their ability to piddle fulfilling relationships with other women, and her detest of her husband closes him out of their lives. Gertrude can non bear to see her children live the life that her husband Walter does so she makes sure that they detest him, especially William and Paul. Mrs Morel did ruin three lives in this novel, Walters, Williams, and Pauls.Walter was a simple miner with simple needs and no motivation or want to advance, when he and Gertrude first off met he had thick flowing black hair and a full beard and he alike laughed a lot suggesting a happy, relaxed figure. He also portrayed him self as bold and a senior in the mines making a good fixed wage, owning his own house and everything in it as well. Gertrude finds her self strangely attracted, despite being described as opposite to her new found love.They rush into marriage and the lust that they had soon fades as the lies that were told are unco vered. Gertrude starts to despise the man she married because he lied to her and goes and spends the money he makes on alcohol instead of on his family. When William is natural Gertrude smothers him in love and tries her hardest to clutch him away from her husband which makes Walter jealous and angry with her that he can not have the same connection with the child that she does. Gertrude does this with all the children that she and Walter have.The eldest boys are so enveloped by their mother that they can not hold a stable relationship when they grow honest-to-goodness because their mother wants to keep them for herself, ..William and Paul Morel are ineffectual to love when they come to manhood, because their dominant mother holds them back, so that a split occurs between body and soul their sweethearts getting the former their mother getting the latter(prenominal) while the boys themselves are shattered inwardly in the course of the struggle. (Spilka, 51)William is the first bo rn son and so he in the one that Gertrude idolizes, he is consummate to her and she wants him to be her little boy forever. When he grows older William soon gets a job in London and moves away leaving his mother and family behind. William send his mother a letter telling her about his new job and his new found girl-friend whom he will be engaged to. William and his betrothed come to rag his family at Christmas, they seem less than impressed with her and her lifestyle especially Gertrude because she treats his family as though they are somehow inferior to her. This does not discourage William to stop pleasing her. William becomes sick of her when they return to see his family on a vacation, his mother has the same feelings toward her, but he refuses to call off the marriage seeing how far they had come. later(prenominal) in the year William dies of pneumonia with his mother by his side. Paul is a less important to his mother until William dies, then he becomes her favourite. Paul is more frail than his brother was, and he is very artistic rather than athletic. As Paul grows in sight of his mother her love for him grows stronger because of his stature, and he grows in a way that he cares of what other people feel, especially his mother. He develops an Oedipus Complex towards his mother. Oedipus complex makes mother a lover of her son. During childhood it seems normal and acceptable but it is abnormal and about absurd, when he grows up, to keep such feelings. He will surely have no real love for a woman and no marriage in his life and is doomed to have a tragic ending with his love affairs and to suffer spiritually the rest of his life when his mother is gone. (Wang)When Paul is older he starts a relationship with a woman named Miriam who wants him to love her as she loves him, she wants his soul, for him to love her with every ounce of his being as she does. Gertrude sees this and feels menace by her because Pauls soul should belong to her, she believes Mi riam can have him physical but not spiritually. Gertrude confronts her son about this matter and Paul tells her that he does not love Miriam, that he loves still his mother and no one else.When Paul breaks things of with Miriam and starts a relationship with Clara, Gertrude is content with them together because Clara is only interested in a physical relationship. When the relationship with Clara fades Miriam tries her luck with Paul again, she says that she wants to marry him but Paul is so fixated with his love for his mother that when he feels the slightest feelings for Miriam he feels as though he is betraying her. He declines the proposal from Miriam and goes back to his mother.Gertrude Morel was a strong woman and mother but stubborn with her children in a way that she would want them to only look to her and not to walter, no matter what the situation was. Throughout the novel Gertrude ruins three lives, that of her her husbands, and her two eldest sons. Her husband Walter was not the best man for her but he did try to be a father to his children, but his wife made it almost impossible for him to do so.He is ostracized from the family throughout the novel, his life is undone because Gertrude made him loose the only family he had before he had a chance of being a part of it. Her eldest son and first born child William, is so fixated on his mothers approval that he learns to hate the woman that he will be married to, that marriage would become like his parents. In that way Williams life is ruined by his own mother. Her third child and second son Paul can not have a stable relationship with women because he loves his mother too much, his life is ruined because once his mother is gone he is left with nothing and still can not hold a relationship together.ReferencesSpilka, Mark. Counterfeit Loves Twentieth Century Interpretations of Sons and Lovers. A Collection of Critical Essays Ed.Judith Farr, Prentice-Hall, INC., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 1970. 51-63. Print.Wang, Yi . Should I Use Underlining or Italics? College of exotic Languages, Hebei University, China . ,29 March 2001. Web. 21 November 2012. .

The Daily Life of a Union Soldier

The nation was split in cardinal over the concept of slavery. The Northern abolitionists felt strongly against slavery while the southerly plantation owners were set on maintaining slave labor. South Carolina paved the office for Southern states to secede from the United States of America. Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas soon followed in early 1861 (Roark, 455). Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina followed in the secession of fellow southern states following the attack on fortification Sumter (Roark, 464).From this point on, the unification and the Confederacy were set in stone. This was the root of the bloody cultivated fight. Millions of Americans enlisted in the army to view as their beliefs and half of the nation. passs faced harsh conditions non exclusively on the battlefield, entirely too in their camps. The daily life of a brotherhood slide by consisted of hours of drills, minimal food rations, and harsh conditions whil e battle to end slavery. The coupler soldiers shared many similarities. To enlist as a soldier the boy had to be at least 18 years old.Most were in their late teens and early twenties though boys as young as 15 reportedly enlisted and lied about their age ( career as a spend During the cultivated War, 1). Bell Wiley described the solders as white, native-born, furthestmer, protestant, single, and between the age of 18 and 29. The average soldier was 58 t all and weighed 143 pounds ( cultivated War Soldiers, 1). These hands came from a variety of places since the North featured an industrial economy. Most of the soldiers were farmers, but hundreds of previous careers were recorded. nigh hands were accountants, locksmiths, masons, painters, etc.( cultured War Soldiers, 1).The youth and variety of occupations of the enlisted featured inexperienced soldiers. According to Civil War Soldiers, out of the 2. 75 million soldiers that fought in the Civil War, 2 million of them were from the North. Of these 2 million, were immigrants. 200,000 came from Germany, 150,000 were Irish, 45,000 were English, and 15,000 came from Canada (1). By the end of the war in 1865, 10% of compact troops were African Americans ( bearing as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). These men were non only armed combat to support the amalgamation but also for their freedom.Since white soldiers were fighting to support the articulation the majority of the time, nearly financial compensation was provided to bring in more troops. The average wage for a fraternity soldier was $11 per calendar calendar month (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). These payments were irregular, though. Sometimes a soldier would wait six months in advance receiving even a single months earning (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). In 1864, the Confederacy raised their payments to $18 a month, and non long after the Union raised theirs to $16 (Civil War Soldiers, 1).While soldiers were bri nging in forgetful money, a three star general could abide earned as frequently as $700 per month (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). The earnings of each type of soldier demonstrate the diversity in their roles in the war. While some men only fought to make money for their family, some men fought to preserve the Union and to abolish slavery (Civil War Soldiers, 1). This mention demonstrates the pride soldiers had in what they were fighting for and showed some men would go to utmost(a) lengths for what they believe in. It has rained for a week and the roads are muddy.After marching for 20 miles it is not pleasant to lie down at night in the awry(p) without any stretch forth. I am tired- in fact I never was so tired in my life. But Hurrah It is all for the Union -Elisha Rhodes The soldiers pride was also shown through their regulate uniforms. The Union uniforms were more standardized than the Confederacys though some wore European style wearable or no uniform at all (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). The dark blue uniforms were made from a heavy wool and worn with leather billed caps and stiff shoes (Winthrop, 1).The soldiers may not have been comfortable but they were easily recognized through their regulation uniforms. on with the uniforms, the soldiers also carried many necessities with them. According to (Winthrop, 1), they had knapsacks with extra clothes, rolled up wool, and rubber blankets. They carried haversacks with foods such as sat pork, coffee, sugar, dried peas, or pressed sheets of desiccated vegetables. A small canteen was carried over each mans shoulder (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). A Union soldiers uniform can be seen in Figure 1.Another item required for all soldiers was guns. Arms were in short supply, though, and they would sometimes have to wait months before a new shipment would arrive (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). This lack of arms led to soldiers having to be conscious about what they do with and how they use their weapons. Knowledge of how to use weapons was taught during a camps daily routine. Soldiers would slipstream at the crack of dawn for roll call to ensure no one had tried to run during the night (comparability Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1). After role call, daily duties were assigned.Some men would be assigned to kitchen barter while others may have been in charge of arms for the twenty-four hours ( analyze Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1). Breakfast came next which was followed by drills. Soldiers would spend hours in the hot sun wearing their wool uniforms practicing battle formations or combat skills. The men would return to camp drenched in sweat and exceedingly tired (Alstyne, 1). After a saturated days work it was not uncommon to find groups of people surrounding fires cooking and singing songs along with talking about the latest camp news (Comparing Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1).Union soldiers favored songs like the Battle C ry of Freedom, Red, White, and Blue, and the Star sequined Banner (Civil War Soldiers, 1). At 1030 P. M. on the demigod it was lights out so everyone could get some rest for the next day or exhaustion (Comparing Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1). Although soldiers hoped to get a good nights rest, the quiescency conditions were not the best. Most camps had a single blanket on the ground with another as a cover (Alstyne, 1). Some lucky men got to sleep on straw mattresses (Comparing Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1).The soldiers were exposed to nature at night delinquent to the lack of cover provided by the tents. Muslin was drawn over a end 3 feet from the ground and open at both ends (Alstyne, 1). This was considered home to the typical Union soldier. If it was raining, they had to sleep on the wet ground. Bugs and rodents were also common nighttime visitors at camp (Alstyne, 1). Most men did not get the rest they required from hours of straining drills dur ing the day, leading to extreme exhaustion throughout the army. Not only were sleeping conditions undesirable, but the food the soldiers ate was not the best, either.The most common meal was flavor meats, hardtrack, and coffee (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). Hardtrack was a term coined for the tasteless, hard crackers men became accustomed to eating. The feeling of being full was a champ that was practically unheard of in the Union army. Food rations were small and far between so sometimes the soldiers would resort to foraging for fruits, berries, and game animals to satisfy their lust (Comparing Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1). Although food on the camps had critical to no taste,everyone scraped their tin plates clean (Alstyne, 1). The starving soldiers would have eaten anything if it meant their stomach pains would temporarily subside. When the men were not doing drills or eating meals, they practically found themselves bored. Some men would do chores like cook or clean (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). Games or dominoes, poker, or baseball often broke out in camps (Civil War Soldiers, 1). With the increasing literacy rates, many men could write home during free time (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1).Along with writing, more and more men would read newspapers and journals. Although the soldiers had some time to themselves, they still had to be ready at a moments notice. Cycles of marching and graphic fighting were included in the lives of soldiers in the North (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). Periods of fighting led to mass injuries in the Union army. 360,000 men died during the Civil War from the North- about 110,000 in battle and 225,000 of disease (Civil War Soldiers, 1). The broad spread of disease through the army was linked to unsanitary conditions (Civil War Soldiers, 1).Water sources were fouled so not only were the soldiers affected but also the environment and the residents in that area (Civil War Soldiers, 1). The i njured did not fare much better than the ill. Doctors could do little for torso wounds, so these men were often doomed to die. Injuries to the extremities were often amputated (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). Life as a Union soldier was not easy. It mingled hours of strenuous training on a daily basis paired with poor sleeping conditions.These men gave their lives to fight for what they believed in and supported the preservation of the Union and the abolition of slavery. A soldier never knew what the following day would hold. Would they be playing a friendly game of baseball at camp, marching to their next battle site, or be greeted with a day of intense fighting? 360,000 of the 2 million soldiers were killed during the war (Civil War Soldiers, 1). Fear did not relinquish soldiers from enlisting, though. Thousands of men signed up and left the lives they knew for small tents and tasteless hardtrack.The Daily Life of a Union SoldierThe nation was split in two over the concept of slavery. The Northern abolitionists felt strongly against slavery while the Southern plantation owners were set on maintaining slave labor. South Carolina paved the way for Southern states to secede from the United States of America. Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas soon followed in early 1861 (Roark, 455). Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina followed in the secession of fellow southern states following the attack on Fort Sumter (Roark, 464).From this point on, the Union and the Confederacy were set in stone. This was the root of the bloody Civil War. Millions of Americans enlisted in the army to support their beliefs and half of the nation. Soldiers faced harsh conditions not only on the battlefield, but also in their camps. The daily life of a Union soldier consisted of hours of drills, minimal food rations, and harsh conditions while fighting to end slavery. The Union soldiers shared many similarities. To enlist as a soldier th e boy had to be at least 18 years old.Most were in their late teens and early twenties though boys as young as 15 reportedly enlisted and lied about their age (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). Bell Wiley described the solders as white, native-born, farmer, protestant, single, and between the age of 18 and 29. The average soldier was 58 tall and weighed 143 pounds (Civil War Soldiers, 1). These men came from a variety of places since the North featured an industrial economy. Most of the soldiers were farmers, but hundreds of previous careers were recorded. Some men were accountants, locksmiths, masons, painters, etc.(Civil War Soldiers, 1).The youth and variety of occupations of the enlisted featured inexperienced soldiers. According to Civil War Soldiers, out of the 2. 75 million soldiers that fought in the Civil War, 2 million of them were from the North. Of these 2 million, ? were immigrants. 200,000 came from Germany, 150,000 were Irish, 45,000 were English, and 15,00 0 came from Canada (1). By the end of the war in 1865, 10% of Union troops were African Americans (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). These men were not only fighting to support the Union but also for their freedom.Since white soldiers were fighting to support the Union the majority of the time, some financial compensation was provided to bring in more troops. The average wage for a Union soldier was $11 per month (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). These payments were irregular, though. Sometimes a soldier would wait six months before receiving even a single months earning (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). In 1864, the Confederacy raised their payments to $18 a month, and not long after the Union raised theirs to $16 (Civil War Soldiers, 1).While soldiers were bringing in little money, a three star general could have earned as much as $700 per month (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). The earnings of each type of soldier demonstrate the diversi ty in their roles in the war. While some men only fought to make money for their family, some men fought to preserve the Union and to abolish slavery (Civil War Soldiers, 1). This quote demonstrates the pride soldiers had in what they were fighting for and showed some men would go to extreme lengths for what they believe in. It has rained for a week and the roads are muddy.After marching for 20 miles it is not pleasant to lie down at night in the wet without any cover. I am tired- in fact I never was so tired in my life. But Hurrah It is all for the Union -Elisha Rhodes The soldiers pride was also shown through their standardized uniforms. The Union uniforms were more standardized than the Confederacys though some wore European style clothing or no uniform at all (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). The dark blue uniforms were made from a heavy wool and worn with leather billed caps and stiff shoes (Winthrop, 1).The soldiers may not have been comfortable but they were easily recognized through their regulation uniforms. Along with the uniforms, the soldiers also carried many necessities with them. According to (Winthrop, 1), they had knapsacks with extra clothes, rolled up wool, and rubber blankets. They carried haversacks with foods such as sat pork, coffee, sugar, dried peas, or pressed sheets of desiccated vegetables. A small canteen was carried over each mans shoulder (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). A Union soldiers uniform can be seen in Figure 1.Another item required for all soldiers was guns. Arms were in short supply, though, and they would sometimes have to wait months before a new shipment would arrive (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). This lack of arms led to soldiers having to be conscious about what they do with and how they use their weapons. Knowledge of how to use weapons was taught during a camps daily routine. Soldiers would wake at the crack of dawn for roll call to ensure no one had tried to run during the night (Comparing Confederate Soldie rs and Union Soldiers, 1). After role call, daily duties were assigned.Some men would be assigned to kitchen duty while others may have been in charge of arms for the day (Comparing Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1). Breakfast came next which was followed by drills. Soldiers would spend hours in the hot sun wearing their wool uniforms practicing battle formations or combat skills. The men would return to camp drenched in sweat and extremely tired (Alstyne, 1). After a hard days work it was not uncommon to find groups of people surrounding fires cooking and singing songs along with talking about the latest camp news (Comparing Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1).Union soldiers favored songs like the Battle Cry of Freedom, Red, White, and Blue, and the Star Spangled Banner (Civil War Soldiers, 1). At 1030 P. M. on the dot it was lights out so everyone could get some rest for the next day or exhaustion (Comparing Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1). Although s oldiers hoped to get a good nights rest, the sleeping conditions were not the best. Most camps had a single blanket on the ground with another as a cover (Alstyne, 1). Some lucky men got to sleep on straw mattresses (Comparing Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1).The soldiers were exposed to nature at night due to the lack of cover provided by the tents. Muslin was drawn over a pole 3 feet from the ground and open at both ends (Alstyne, 1). This was considered home to the typical Union soldier. If it was raining, they had to sleep on the wet ground. Bugs and rodents were also common nighttime visitors at camp (Alstyne, 1). Most men did not get the rest they required from hours of strenuous drills during the day, leading to extreme exhaustion throughout the army. Not only were sleeping conditions undesirable, but the food the soldiers ate was not the best, either.The most common meal was salted meats, hardtrack, and coffee (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). Hardtrack was a term coined for the tasteless, hard crackers men became accustomed to eating. The feeling of being full was a sensation that was practically unheard of in the Union army. Food rations were small and far between so sometimes the soldiers would resort to foraging for fruits, berries, and game animals to satisfy their hunger (Comparing Confederate Soldiers and Union Soldiers, 1).Although food on the camps had little to no taste,everyone scraped their tin plates clean (Alstyne, 1). The starving soldiers would have eaten anything if it meant their stomach pains would temporarily subside. When the men were not doing drills or eating meals, they often found themselves bored. Some men would do chores like cook or clean (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). Games or dominoes, poker, or baseball often broke out in camps (Civil War Soldiers, 1). With the increasing literacy rates, many men could write home during free time (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1).Along with writing, more and more m en would read newspapers and journals. Although the soldiers had some time to themselves, they still had to be ready at a moments notice. Cycles of marching and intense fighting were included in the lives of soldiers in the North (The Life of a Union Soldier, 1). Periods of fighting led to mass injuries in the Union army. 360,000 men died during the Civil War from the North- about 110,000 in battle and 225,000 of disease (Civil War Soldiers, 1). The massive spread of disease through the army was linked to unsanitary conditions (Civil War Soldiers, 1).Water sources were fouled so not only were the soldiers affected but also the environment and the residents in that area (Civil War Soldiers, 1). The injured did not fare much better than the ill. Doctors could do little for torso wounds, so these men were often doomed to die. Injuries to the extremities were often amputated (Life as a Soldier During the Civil War, 1). Life as a Union soldier was not easy. It involved hours of strenuous training on a daily basis paired with poor sleeping conditions.These men gave their lives to fight for what they believed in and supported the preservation of the Union and the abolition of slavery. A soldier never knew what the following day would hold. Would they be playing a friendly game of baseball at camp, marching to their next battle site, or be greeted with a day of intense fighting? 360,000 of the 2 million soldiers were killed during the war (Civil War Soldiers, 1). Fear did not stop soldiers from enlisting, though. Thousands of men signed up and left the lives they knew for small tents and tasteless hardtrack.

Analysis of the character of Frank McCourt in the story “Angela’s Ashes” Essay

First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win.Mahatma GandhiAn assertive contestation from the late Mahatma Gandhi pertaining to a persons struggle that no matter how unfortunate a persons circumstances may become, in the great run, a deserving achievement awaits him. I do agree to this statement. Everyone experiences similar kinds of battle, no matter how sm all(prenominal) it can be each in our possess different ways. Frank McCourt, being the main character in his hold memoir Angelas Ashes, endeavors through his society and growing up.Frank McCourt shared his own fight through his memoir Angelas Ashes. The setting was mostly during the 1930s in Ireland where inequalities among the rich and the poor were distinctively obvious. When he and his start out, Malachy McCourt, went to a church and had him write up to be an altar boy, the minister did not even bformer(a) to look at them and slammed the door right on their faces. Not only had other pe ople treated them badly but their own relatives as well. His mothers relatives taunted him and his family in a different way although they were more supportive than his fathers relatives were. The grandmother always made dreadful remarks about how his mother married a useless man from the North of Ireland and how he got those odd address form his father. These events clearly stated how society tormented him and his family by class distinction and conflicts between relatives and families.Frank McCourts childhood was moved by a common factorhis eagerness to know the realities of life. He portrayed an Irish-American kid who lived in the Great Depression of the 1930s in America and in the harrowing poverty of Ireland. He wanted to help his family from the poverty they were in, at a very young age. He say three of his six siblings died during his childhood. He had a father who was most of the time drunk and does nothing, literally, to establish a family. He had to risk school in order to earn shilling for his family. However, he had endured all of these hardships by heading gritto America.Frank McCourts dream was to return to America. In the end, he made his dream come true. When he was nineteen, he plunge a relatively good paying job as a delivery boy, invested his money, and bought himself a ticket going back to New York. He in truth did win over the laughs of society and growing up.Mahatma Gandhis statement certainly corroborated to Frank McCourts experiences. He won over his struggles by heading back to America and searched a better life for him and his family. The same thing that happened to our own struggles. That same feeling of achievement we had after we had gone through a buckram emplacement or a problem. I really do believe to this statement by Mahatma Gandhi because I somehow experience a similar situation in my life, and I did win too, by the way.

Quality Engineering And Management Systems Education Essay

SamplingA is that portion ofA statisticalA pattern concerned with the extract of an inert orA randomA subset of single observations deep down a creation of persons intended to give some cognition to the highest degree theA stateA of concern, particularly for the intents of doing anticipations based onA statistical illation. Sampling is an of import facet ofA infos collection.ALThe three chief advant durations of toilsome are that the cost is lower, informations aggregation is faster, and since the information set is smaller it is possible to plight homogeneousness and to better the justness and quality of the informations.EachA observationA mensurate one or more belongingss ( such as weight, location, colour ) of discernible total structures distinguished as independent objects or persons. InA study taste, study weights plenty be applied to the informations to set for theA hear design. Results fromA chance theoryA andA statistical theoryA are employed to steer pattern .Stipulating aA trying manakin, aA setA of points or events possible to mensurateStipulating aA trying mannerA for choosing points or events from the frameSuccessful statistical pattern is based on focussed job definition. In trying, this embarrasss specifying theA peopleA from which our en judge is drawn. A population bay window be defined as including all people or points with the characteristic one want to understand. Because on that point is really seldom adequate clip or money to garner information from everyone or everything in a population, the end becomes happening a voice have ( or subset ) of that population.Although the population of involvement frequently consists of physical objects, sometimes we need to try over clip, infinite, or some combination of these dimensions. For case, an probe of super smileret staffing could disassemble check-out procedure take up length at consort times, or a survey on endangered penguins might take to understand their use of respective(a) runing evidences over clip. For the clip dimension, the focal point may be on periods or distinct occasions.Sampling frameIn the most straightforward instance, such as the sentencing of a chaw of stuff from production ( credence sampling by tonss ) , it is possible to place and mensurate every someone point in the population and to include some(prenominal) one of them in our sample. However, in the more general instance this is non possible. There is no manner to place all rats in the set of all rats. not all frames explicitly list population elements. For representative, a street map potty be used as a frame for a door-to-door study although it does nt demo single houses, we can choose streets from the map and so see all houses on those streets.The sampling frame must be model of the population and this is a inquiry outside the range of statistical theory demanding the judgement of experts in the peculiar capable affair universe studied. All the supra frames omit some people who exit vote at the following election and constitute some people who will non some frames will incorporate multiple records for the same individual. Peoples non in the frame cod no chance of being sampled. Statistical theory Tells us about the uncertainnesss in generalizing from a sample to the frame. In generalizing from frame to population, its function is motivational and implicative.A frame may besides supply extra auxiliary information about its elements when this information is link up to shiftings or groups of involvement, it may be used to better study design.Prob superpower and non chance tryingAA chance samplingA strategy is one in which every unit in the population has a chance ( greater than zero ) of being selected in the sample, and this chance can be accurately determined. The combination of these traits makes it possible to bring forth in protestent estimations of population sums, by burdening sampled units harmonizing to their chance of quality.Probability trying includes Simple Random Sampling, Systematic Sampling, and Stratified Sampling, Probability Proportional to Size Sampling, and Cluster or Multistage Sampling. These assorted ways of chance trying have two things in commonEvery segment has a known nonzero chance of being sampled andInvolves random choice at some point.Nonprobability samplingA is any trying method where some elements of the population haveA noA opportunity of choice, or where the chance of choice ca nt be accurately determined. It involves the choice of elements based on premises sing the population of involvement, which forms the standard for choice. Hence, because the choice of elements is nonrandom, nonprobability sampling does non let the appraisal of trying mistakes. These conditions place bounds on how untold information a sample can supply about the population. Information about the relationship between sample and population is limited, doing it hard to generalize from the sample to the population.Nonprobability Sampling includes A Accidental Sampling, A Quota SamplingA andA Purposive Sampling. In add-on, nonresponse effects may turnA anyA chance design into a nonprobability design if the features of nonresponse are non good understood, since nonresponse efficaciously modifies each component s chance of being sampled.Sampling methodsWithin any of the types of frame identified above, a assortment of trying methods can be employed, separately or in combination. Factors normally act uponing the pick between these designs includeNature and quality of the frameHandiness of subsidiary information about units on the frameAccuracy demands, and the demand to mensurate truthWhether detailed analysis of the sample is expectedCost/operational concernsSimple random tryingIn aA elementary random sampleA ( SRS ) of a attached coat of it, all such subsets of the frame are prone an equal chance. Each component of the frame therefore has an equal chance of choice the fram e is non subdivided or partitioned. Furthermore, any givenA pairA of elements has the same opportunity of choice as any separate such brace ( and likewise for three-base hits, and so on ) . This minimises prejudice and simplifies analysis of consequences. In peculiar, the discrepancy between single consequences within the sample is a good index of discrepancy in the overall population, which makes it comparatively easy to gauge the truth of consequences.However, SRS can be vulnerable to trying mistake because the entropy of the choice may ensue in a sample that does nt reflect the make-up of the population. For case, a simple random sample of 10 people from a given state willA on averageA produce five work forces and five adult females, entirely any given test is likely to overre yield one sex and underrepresent the other.ASRS may besides be cumbrous and boring when trying from an remarkably big mark population. In some instances, look for workers are interested in research inqui ries specific to subgroups of the population. For illustration, research workers might be interested in analyzing whether cognitive ability as a forecaster of argument public presentation is every bit applicable across racial groups. SRS can non suit the demands of research workers in this state of affairs because it does non supply subsamples of the population.Systematic samplingSystematic samplingA relies on set uping the mark population harmonizing to some telling strategy and so choosing elements at regular intervals through that logical list. Systematic trying involves a random start and so returns with the choice of everyA kth component from so onwards. In this instance, A k= ( population size/sample size ) . It is of import that the starting point is non automatically the first in the list, but is alternatively indiscriminately chosen from within the first to theA kth component in the list.Equally long as the get downing point isA randomized, systematic sampling is a type ofA chance trying. It is easy to implement and theA stratificationA induced can do it efficient, A ifA the variable by which the list is ordered is correlated with the variable of involvement.However, systematic sampling is particularly vulnerable to cyclicities in the list. If cyclicity is present and the period is a multiple or factor of the interval used, the sample is particularly likely to beA unrepresentative of the overall population, doing the strategy little accurate than simple random sampling.Another drawback of systematic sampling is that even in scenarios where it is more accurate than SRS, its theoretical belongingss make it hard toA quantifyA that truth. Systematic sampling is an EPS method, because all elements have the same chance of choice.Stratified samplingWhere the population em poise a figure of distinguishable classs, the frame can be organized by these classs into separate strata. Each degree is so sampled as an independent sub-population, out of which s ingle elements can be indiscriminately selected. There are several(prenominal) possible benefits to stratified sampling.First, spliting the population into distinguishable, independent strata can enable research workers to pull illations about specific subgroups that may be lost in a more generalised random sample.Second, using a graded sampling method can take to more efficient statistical estimations ( provided that strata are selected based upon relevancy to the standard in inquiry, alternatively of accessibility of the samples ) . Even if a graded sampling attack does non take to increased statistical efficiency, such a maneuver will non ensue in less efficiency than would simple random sampling, provided that each stratum is relative to the group s size in the population.Third, it is sometimes the instance that informations are more pronto available for single, preexistent strata within a population than for the overall population in such instances, utilizing a graded samplin g attack may be more convenient than aggregating informations across groups ( though this may potentially be at odds with the antecedently noted importance of using criterion-relevant strata ) .Finally, since each stratum is treated as an independent population, different trying attacks can be applied to different strata, potentially enabling research workers to utilize the attack take up suited ( or most cost-efficient ) for each identified subgroup within the population.A graded sampling attack is most effectual when three conditions are metVariability within strata are minimizedVariability between strata are maximizedThe variables upon which the population is stratified are strongly correlated with the coveted dependant variable.Advantages over other trying methodsFocuss on of import subpopulations and ignores irrelevant 1s.Allows usage of different trying techniques for different subpopulations.Improves the accuracy/efficiency of appraisal.Licenses greater reconciliation of sta tistical power of trials of differences between strata by trying equal Numberss from strata changing widely in size.DisadvantagesRequires choice of relevant stratification variables which can be hard.Is non utile when there are no uniform subgroups.Can be expensive to implement.Probability proportional to size samplingIn some instances the sample interior decorator has entree to an subsidiary variable or size ill-treat , believed to be correlated to the variable of involvement, for each component in the population. This information can be used to better truth in sample design. wiz option is to utilize the subsidiary variable as a footing for stratification, as discussed above.Another option is probability-proportional-to-size ( PPS ) sampling, in which the choice chance for each component is set to be relative to its size step, up to a upper limit of 1. In a simple PPS design, these choice chances can so be used as the footing forA Poisson sampling. However, this has the dra wbacks of variable sample size, and different parts of the population may still be over- or under-represented due to opportunity magnetic variation in choices. To turn to this job, PPS may be combined with a systematic attack.The PPS attack can better truth for a given sample size by concentrating sample on big elements that have the greatest impact on population estimations. PPS sampling is normally used for studies of concerns, where component size varies greatly and subsidiary information is frequently available for case, a study trying to mensurate the figure of guest-nights spent in hotels might utilize each hotel s figure of suites as an subsidiary variable. In some instances, an older measuring of the variable of involvement can be used as an subsidiary variable when trying to bring forth more current estimations.Bunch tryingSometimes it is cheaper to cluster the sample in some manner e.g. by choosing respondents from certain countries merely, or certain time-periods merel y. ( about(predicate) all samples are in some sense clustered in clip although this is seldom taken into history in the analysis. )Cluster samplingA is an illustration of two-stage trying or multistage trying in the first phase a sample of countries is chosen in the 2nd phase a sample of respondentsA withinA those countries is selected.This can rationalize down travel and other administrative costs. It besides means that one does non necessitate aA trying frameA naming all elements in the mark population. Alternatively, bunchs can be chosen from a cluster-level frame, with an element-level frame created merely for the selected bunchs. Cluster trying by and large increases the variableness of sample estimations above that of simple random sampling, depending on how the bunchs differ between themselves, as compared with the within-cluster fluctuation.However, some of the disadvantages of bunch trying are the trust of sample estimation preciseness on the existent bunchs chosen. If bunchs chosen are bleached in a certain manner, illations drawn about population parametric quantities from these sample estimations will be far off from being accurate.Matched random tryingA method of delegating participants to groups in which brace of participants are foremost matched on some characteristic and so separately assigned indiscriminately to groups.The process for matched random sampling can be briefed with the following contexts,Two samples in which the members are clearly paired, or are matched explicitly by the research worker. For illustration, IQ measurings or braces of indistinguishable twins.Those samples in which the same property, or variable, is measured twice on each topic, under different fortunes. Normally called perennial steps. Examples include the times of a group of jocks for 1500m before and after a hebdomad of particular preparation the milk outputs of cattles before and after being fed a peculiardiet.Quota tryingInA quota sampling, the populat ion is foremost segmented intoA reciprocally exclusiveA sub-groups, merely as inA stratified trying. Then judgement is used to choose the topics or units from each section based on a specified proportion. For illustration, an interviewer may be told to try 200 females and 300 males between the age of 45 and 60.It is this 2nd measure which makes the technique one of non-probability sampling. In quota trying the choice of the sample is non-random. For illustration interviewers might be tempted to interview those who look most helpful. The job is that these samples may be biased because non everyone gets a opportunity of choice. This random component is its greatest failing and quota versus chance has been a affair of contention for many old agesConvenience samplingConvenience samplingA is a type of nonprobability trying which involves the sample being drawn from that portion of the population which is close to manus. That is, a sample population selected because it is readily availabl e and convenient. The research worker utilizing such a sample can non scientifically do generalisations about the entire population from this sample because it would non be representative plenty. For illustration, if the interviewer was to carry on such a study at a shopping centre early in the forenoon on a given twenty-four hours, the people that he/she could interview would be limited to those given there at that given clip, which would non stand for the positions of other members of society in such an country, if the study was to be conducted at different times of twenty-four hours and several times per hebdomad. This type of trying is most utile for pilot proving. Several of import considerations for research workers utilizing convenience samples includeAre there controls within the research design or experiment which can function to decrease the impact of a non-random, convenience sample whereby guaranting the consequences will be more representative of the population?Is at th at place good ground to believe that a peculiar convenience sample would or should react or act otherwise than a random sample from the same population?Is the inquiry being asked by the research 1 that can adequately be answered utilizing a convenience sample?Panel samplingPanel samplingA is the method of first choosing a group of participants through a random trying method and so inquiring that group for the same information once more several times over a period of clip. Therefore, each participant is given the same study or interview at two or more clip points each period of informations aggregation is called a moving ridge . This trying methodological analysis is frequently chosen for big graduated table or nation-wide surveies in order to estimate alterations in the population with respect to any figure of variables from chronic unwellness to occupation emphasis to weekly nutrient outgos. Panel sampling can besides be used to inform research workers about within-person wellne ss alterations due to age or aid explicate alterations in uninterrupted dependent variables such as bridal interaction. There have been several proposed methods of analysing panel sample informations, including MANOVA, increment curves, and structural equation patterning with lagged effects.Replacement of selected unitsSampling strategies may beA without replacementA orA with replacing. For illustration, if we catch fish, mensurate them, and instantly return them to the H2O before go oning with the sample, this is a WR design, because we might stop up patrimonial and mensurating the same fish more than one time. However, if we do non return the fish to the H2O ( e.g. if we eat the fish ) , this becomes a WOR design.FormulasWhere the frame and population are indistinguishable, statistical theory outputs exact recommendations onA sample size. However, where it is non straightforward to specify a frame representative of the population, it is more of import to understand theA cause sy stemA of which the population are results and to guarantee that all beginnings of fluctuation are embraced in the frame. Large Numberss of observations are of no value if major beginnings of fluctuation are neglected in the survey. In other words, it is taking a sample group that matches the study class and is easy to study. Research Information Technology, Learning, and Performance JournalA that provides an account of Cochran s expression. A treatment and illustration of sample size expressions, including the expression for seting the sample size for smaller populations, is included. A tabular array is provided that can be used to choose the sample size for a research job based on three alpha degrees and a set mistake rate.Stairss for utilizing sample size tabular arraiesContend the consequence size of involvement, I , and I? .Check sample size tabular arrayChoose the tabular array duplicate to the selected ILocate the row matching to the coveted powerLocate the column matching to the estimated consequence sizeThe intersection of the column and row is the minimal sample size required.Sampling and informations aggregationGood informations aggregation involves pursuit the defined sampling procedureKeeping the information in clip orderNoting remarks and other contextual eventsRecording non-responsesMost sampling books and documents written by non-statisticians focused merely in the informations aggregation facet, which is merely a little though of import portion of the sampling procedure.Mistakes in researchThere are ever mistakes in a research. By trying, the entire mistakes can be classified into trying mistakes and non-sampling mistakes.Sampling mistakeSampling mistakes are caused by trying design. It includes( 1 ) A Selection mistake anomalous choice chances are used.( 2 ) A Estimation mistake Biased parametric quantity estimation because of the elements in these samples.Non-sampling mistakeNon-sampling mistakes are caused by the errors in informations pro cessing. It includes( 1 ) A Overcoverage Inclusion of informations from exterior of the population.( 2 ) A Undercoverage Sampling frame does non include elements in the population.( 3 ) A Measurement mistake The respondents misunderstand the inquiry.( 4 ) A Processing mistake Mistakes in informations cryptography.In many state of affairss the sample fraction may be varied by stratum and informations will hold to be weighted to right stand for the population. Thus for illustration, a simple random sample of persons in the United Kingdom might include some in distant Scots islands who would be extraordinarily expensive to try. A cheaper method would be to utilize a graded sample with urban and rural strata. The rural sample could be under-represented in the sample, but weighted up suitably in the analysis to counterbalance.More by and large, informations should normally be weighted if the sample design does non give each person an equal opportunity of being selected. For case, when fa milies have equal choice chances but one individual is interviewed from within each family, this gives people from big families a smaller opportunity of being interviewed. This can be accounted for utilizing study weights. Similarly, families with more than one telephone line have a greater opportunity of being selected in a random figure dialing sample, and weights can set for this.

Market Strategy Analysis on Montgras

Hung-Chang Huang 1467751 Case Questions MontGras 1. (a) To what extent can MontGras supremacy its own marketplace position, as opposed to being dominated by the country-of-origin effect, and be perceived as a Chilean Wine? MontGras, the export-focused winery that was founded in 1992, unlike many other Chilean wineries, actu completelyy possessed a huge control on its own market position in the late 1990s and early cc0s.Although the overall consumer perception towards Chilean wine products indicated that they need to specify more efforts to build a solid image globally and that their major advantage is the low price, the situation ability not necessarily hurt MontGras flowing market position if and only if the management the link between the decision to adopt the quality strategy, rather than volume strategy, and the fact that Chilean wine lacked a proper image.By pursuing quality-oriented strategy, MontGras is able to further cultivate its brand awareness as a result of the suc cess of the ultra-premiums(Ninquen line) and the super-premiums(Reserva line), and to eliminate the inefficient cost fagged on the joint effort with Chilevid aimed at building a stronger image for the entire Chilean wine industry.Consequently, the problem of country-of-origin effect was, in fact, not satisfying enough that hampered MontGras marketing position as long as the company is fully understand what the appropriate marketing strategy is and adopt it with regard to unlike market ecologies of MontGras export destinations. (b) What implications does this have for marketing strategy? With the worldwide overproduction of vintages, competitions of wines in all segments were predicted more intense, especially in the basic segment, which traditionally accounted for closely half of the market share of many countries, and 55% of MontGras total product in 2001.This indicates that already saturated basic segment, with the smallest gross profit margin for all the players within the seg ment, would become a less and less lucrative red ocean. On the other hand, with the recognition that the country-of-origin effect does not incur severe damage to the company as anticipated, MontGras is able to reallocate its advertising expense through with(predicate) emphasizing on the brand, or on the product lines instead of building a stronger image of country-of-origin that would consume a huge portion of its dvertising expense, but unsure of whether consumers in UK or US would buy their effort. Hence, both the two aforementioned factors might serve as a juncture for MontGras to reassess its trading strategy, which could be broken into producing part and marketing part, in order to keep the profitable business for long. 2. Evaluate the US and UK options separately. For each country, which option would you recommend and why? In MontGras major export market, UK, the company has already gained a substantial success that it rank one of the 10 most Chilean wine exporters in term s of the value of products.In this picture, its partner distributor in UK had played an important role in MontGras UK penetration since 1996. Considering UK market feature, partner with leading supermarket chains such Tesbury is a comparatively feasible charge to expand MontGras market share because these chain systems control more than 60% of all wine sales. However, partner with Tesbury is not free from side effects. First, at initial collaboration phase, MontGras enjoyed a short term supremacy without paying the cost of promotion.But in the future, is it able to reap without paying, or would Tesbury ask for more contribution from MontGras after it become too subservient to the large sell system? Second, partner with Tesbury could well create a supplanting effect that threatens its old partner distributor. Thus, my recommendation for MontGras in UK would be to diversify its distributor federations as a way to prevent over dependency, which would somehow cast uncertainty for Mo ntGras positioning strategy in the long term.Also, in order to pave the way for future expansion in premium segment, MontGras should keep records of the new marketing plan for Ninquen wines that if the targeting sales of 5,000 cases can cover the proposed GBP 20,000 and generate profit. In the highly fragment US wine market, with regulatory three-tier distribution system, MontGras had to tackle business with importers, which are usually state-licensed wholesalers too. In addition, by the four prescribed criteria in choosing a enumerable partner importer, MontGras should be able to prevent the failures from unsuccessful previous partnerships.The first candidate of its partner distributor, World Wine Importers, a larger player that operated 200 brands with a 60-staff sales force, proposed to promote the Reserva line in a volume-oriented strategy with a price range of $8-$11 Cabo Imports, another candidate that operated 50 brands and a sales force of 35, offered a distinct proposal fo r MontGras that it intend to raise consumers perception towards MontGras quality and pric range also to broaden the return for both parties through setting a price range $8-$15, and it also intend to release the Ninquen line as a flagship product targeted a $25 retail price.Although the partnership with World Wine Importers seems more lucrative to MontGras in terms of the sales generated by large amount basis, however, simply adopt the results from simple additive questions is ostensibly not sagacious enough for Mr. Middleton. In general, Cabo Importers would offer a great stage for Reserva(60% of the total), and the newly released Ninquen as well. Thus, accepting Cabo Importers offer would be advantageous for MontGras market position in US market.

Issues Concerning Islam Essay

Muslims fill been accused of mutilating women. This practice, however, is denied by the followers of Islam. accord to them, Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), which is actu onlyy a surgical procedure performed on girls onward they reach the age of puberty for the purpose of terminating or reducing their sexual feelings, is not an Islamic practice. They explain that FGM is a tradition of Animists, Christians, and some Muslims in those countries where FGM is common. Women atomic number 18 given equal rights under Islam. In fact, the Quran decreed that when it comes to humankind life, men and women should have equal rights and participation.During the time of Muhammad, women were allowed to participate actively in their baya which is the equivalent of at presents practice of political endorsements. Evidence of this Muslim womens status is the voting rights granted to women in the predominantly Muslim countries like Bahrain, Qatar, and Oman. The women in Kuwait followed suit by ear ning their right to vote and chafe elected sometime in 2005. In fact, Sheikh Sabah al-Ahmad al-Sabah, Kuwaits Prime Minister, divulged a project to appoint a woman minister in Kuwait soon (Robinson, 2007).Muslims as terrorists and pro-violence Yusuf (n. d. ) said that volume of the Muslims are convinced that while the U. S. government has been blaming terrorism on Islam for years, it was the 9/11 incident which dealt the most prescribeing blow on the credibility and reputation of their religion. This was because the international media was able to depict that many Muslims about the world rejoiced after that incident. The truth is, however, that majority of the Muslim world was saddened by that incident and the repercussions it caused.They would like to tell the world that terrorism is not an official policy of Islam and that, in fact, Muslims also consider terrorists as enemies of their religion. He laments the fact that When a crazy Christian does something terrible, everyone in the West knows it is the actions of a mad man because they have some knowledge of the core beliefs and ethics of Christianity. When a mad Muslim does something evil or asinine they assume it is from the religion of Islam, not because they hate us but because they have never been told by a Muslim what the teachings of Islam are all about.Yusuf blames this lack of Islamic knowledge among Christians to the fact that there is a dearth of credible spokespersons who could defend Islam from its attackers. As a matter of fact, Yusuf stressed that Islam is the middle look between dissipation and neglect and that terrorism is the preoccupation of zealots and extremists who are, in fact, a plaque of Islam. According to him, there are ii types of Muslim extremists whose acts destroy Islam. The first he calls reactionary extremists. This group rejects any form of religious pluralism.According to these reactionary extremists, the world consists of good and evil with nothing in between. G ood, according to them, means the reactionary extremists and all those who oppose their actions are evil. Yusuf further explains that these kind of extremists are in the habit of excommunicating otherwise Muslims who reject the way they interpret the Quran. However, this kind does not usually resort to violent acts to achieve their goals. Instead, they employ character blackwash or takfir to ward their critics (Yusuf, n. d. ).The second type is the radical extremist. These Muslims extremists, according to Yusuf, are the ones who resort to violent acts and tactics to further their objectives. Yusuf stressed that these Muslims act as if they belong to some secret, wicked baseball club whose members believe in the dictum that the end justifies the means. In other words, any method, even the most violent method, is acceptable as long as their cause is advanced. According to Yusuf, this is destroying Islam because the methods employed by Islam should be reflecting the noble ends of the religion.Secondly, Islam is not a secret society of conspirators rather, it is open with its objectives and traditions which have already been accepted and recognized by people from other religious denominations (Yusuf, n. d. ). Muslims confused with Arabs Muslims object to their being confused with Arabs because it would never be accurate to equate Islam, a religious denomination, with Arab, which is an ethnic grouping. According to Muslims, the reason for this erroneous identification could be the fact that Islam emerged from the culture and society of Arab Bedouins of the 8th century.Another reason might be the fact that the Quran was written in Arabic. However, beyond these facts, Muslims should not be identified as Arabs, and vice versa because, according to statistics, there are many non-Muslim Arabs, and far, far more than non-Arab Muslims in the world. In fact, out of the estimated one billion Muslims worldwide, only about 200 million are Arabs (DHinMl, 2006). Looking at the table below of the top ten countries with the highest Muslim population, only Egypt (at number seven) is an Arab rude (Aneki. com, n. d. ).ReferencesAneki.com. (n.d.). Largest Muslim Population in the World. Retrieved November 26, 2007from http//www.aneki.com/muslim.htmlFisher, M.P. (2005). Living Religions, Sixth Edition. Prentice-Hall.Philips, A.A.B. (n.d.). The True Religion. Retrieved November 26, 2007 fromhttp//www.islamworld.net/

How does society shape people’s lives? Essay

The aim of this gougevass is to explore how society shapes messs detains. The meaning of the word shaping in this context bureau to influence or affect (The Open University, 2013, YO32 p 29). This essay go out focus on childishness Body image and stress related eating disorders, from Block 4, social unit 3 and Psychology tender influence, happiness and natural and synthetic happiness from Unit 5.Society has mold us to embrace a rather different clay image to that of 100 years ago to the point where being concentrate is instantly considered the norm (The Open University, 2013 Unit 3, 3.2). There has been a shift from the plumper body image seen in paintings dating back to the 19th century, to the ultra slim catwalk models of today. As there has been a shift in body image, there has also been a shift in eating habits (The Open University, 2013, Unit 3, 3.2). It is now less wish wellly for families to sit down together and eat the more traditional three meals a day, with young people now more likely to favour energy dense fast provender diets (NSHD) (n.d.). The National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) (n.d.) recommends that young people should take regular exercise and pack a lower limit of 3 thirty minute sessions of exercise per week and drink a minimum of 2 litres of water per day.The pressure society places on young people to conform to the ideal body image has led to many adolescents developing stress-related eating disorders (The Open University, 2013, Unit 3, 3.4). There ar three main eating disorders Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and binge eating (The Open University, 2013, Unit 3, 3.6). Disordered eating is a mental illness in which the patient severely restricts their calorie intake. Although girls are mainly affected by anorexia a significant number of boys are also affected (the Open University, 2013). AN is quite different from BN full-grown sufferers of BN cause to overeat and then purge to make themselves sic k, thereby controlling their weight (The Open University, 2013, Unit 3, 3.4). It could be argued that the medias portrayal of the ideal body shape may lead to young people developing eating disorders. The evidence suggests the Press may be partly to blame, and that society is ignoring a birdsong for encourage.Quoted in the Daily Telegraph (Jardine, 2013), Kate Moss said nothing tastes as good as skinny feels comments like this add fuel to the argument. Worries ab discover physical appearance lead to low self-esteem and a pauperisation to control weight, which may lead into a cycle of depression and a further loss of self-assertion (NIMH) (n.d.). alimentation habits excite changed significantly in the post war period (Youngs, 2004). Youngs points out that these changes in eating habits and the abundance of food now available, in part due to the role vie by supermarkets, fast food outlets and the growth in international travel, could also be having a detrimental effect on body image. The World Health Organisation (WHO, 2004) reports 10% of children are overweight add support to the argument that body image in the media may influence the young. Eating disorders such as AN and BN are attempts by young people to be in control of the way they look and are portrayed by society, which may influence their happiness.The influence of our social roles within society, whether in our wee or home lives, will affect our happiness in our individual roles (The Open University, 2013 p47). Influences on happiness and gloominess may include factors such as being in employment, strong family support, a good communicate of friends and a sense of belonging (The Open University, 2013 p48). Being active and keeping ones take care active is also an important part of being able and having as many different sources of fire as possible may contribute to this. People who are less active and have few contacts may be unhappier than those who dont (Layard, 2005). How one percei ves happiness may vary with the socio-cultural environment in which they were brought up, with people in Western society being generally happier (White, 2006).The influence of happiness on our fooling lives contributes greatly to the way we feel about ourselves. As a species we have evolved a mechanism by which we can make up almost anything. Gilbert describes a mechanism he defines as an dwell simulator, which means we have the ability to imagine a situation before it actually happens (The Open University, 2013 p51). another(prenominal) term introduced by Gilbert is impact bias, which broadly means that within 6-12 months following an evidently life-changing event,one will be as happy after the event as before. Gilbert explains real number happiness is what we get when we get what we want, as opposed to synthetic happiness which is what we get when we dont get what we really want (The Open University, 2013 pp50-51).It could be argued that if we play a certain role we can synthe sise a greater sense of happiness. The evidence suggests that whatever our role in society is, we have an ability to find the best in every situation. Layard (2005) points out that our societal roles play a study part in perceived happiness. Gilbert (The Open University, 2013) points to scientific entropy that would seem to confirm Layards view that a persons sense of happiness can be influenced by how we live our lives. Gilbert presents two sets of experimental data as evidence that happiness can be synthesised. These sets of data were from only a small sample size and the results may not be representative of society, so further research should be undertaken. Ones individual sense of happiness, whether synthetic or real, will reflect on how society in general operates. In the authors opinion, having a happy society can only be good in creating a happier world.ConclusionSociety has shaped us to believe that body image is all too important, as we are constantly bombarded with a vie w of the perceived ideal. Looking good would appear to make us happy, possibly more so during our youth, but there are obviously many other factors that can contribute to happiness.References(All these references have been visited)Jardine, C. (2010) Eating disorders in the young, The Telegraph, 29 September 2010 Online. accessible at http//www.telegraph.co.uk/ wellness/ children shealth/8030962/ Eating-disorders-in-the-young.html (Accessed 16 may 2014). Layard, R. (2005) rejoicing Lessons from a New Science, New York, Penguin. National Institute for Mental Health (NIMH) (n.d.) Online. Available at http//www.nimh.nih.gov/ health/ publications/eating-disorders/ index.shtml (Accessed 14 May 2014). National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) (n.d.) Online. Available at http//www.nshd.mrc.ac.uk/(Accessed 21 May 2014). The Open University (2013). Block 4, Unit 3, Childhood society, food and children. 3.6 different eating disorders Online. Available at http//www.nhs.uk/conditions/A norexia-nervosa/Pages/Introduction.aspx (accessed 23 May 2014) The Open University (2013). Block 4, Unit 3, Childhood society, food and children. 3.2 rubicund eating Online. Available at https//learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=441400downloads (accessed 23 May 2014). The Open University, 2013. YO32-13J. Block 4, Unit 3 Childhood society, food and children. 3.2 healthy eating Online. Available at https//learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=441400downloads (Accessed 30 April 2014). The Open University, 2013. Block 4 society, Unit 5. Psychology, society, selves and happiness, p47. Milton Keynes, The Open University. The Open University, 2013. Block 4 society, Unit 5. Psychology society, selves and happiness, p48. Milton Keynes, The Open University. The Open University, 2013. YO32 People, work and society access module. Assessment guidelines, p29. Milton Keynes, The Open University. White, A. (2006) University of Leicester produces the first ever world map of happiness Online. Available at http//www.le.ac.uk/ebulletin-archive/ ebulletin/news/press-releases/2000-2009/2006/07/nparticle.2006-07-28.html (Accessed 24 April 2014). World Health Organisation (WHO) (2004) Fight childhood obesity to help prevent diabetes, says WHO & IDF, WHO, 11 November 2004 Online. Available at http//www.who.int./ mediacentre/ news/ releases/ 2004/ pr81/ en/ (Accessed 20 May 2014). Youngs, I. (2004) My wartime menu, BBC news Online, 30 June 2004 Online. Available at http//news.bbc.co.uk/ 1/ hi/ magazine/ 3847041.stm (Accessed 23 April 2014).

Political Philosophy and Machiavelli Essay

Nicolo Machiavelli is a well known philosopher of the Italian Renaissance from the sixteenth century. The return of the Medici family in Florence in 1512 forced Machiavelli out of office, and he wrote The Prince after preceding(a) from the public. The Prince is one of his most famous works, it describes the means by which a untested attractor may realize and maintain power. His ideas can be applied to new rulers ranging from a new principal to a new president of a new country. While discussing his ideas for new rulers, Machiavelli says Upon this a question arises whether it be correct to be love than feargond or feared than loved? (Machiavelli 98). If a ruler is non able to do both, it is better to be loved than feared. Machiavelli answers his own question through his ideas of what makes a winning ruler. He argues that a prince is much safer cosmos feared than loved. Machiavelli says for love is preserved by the link of obligation which, owing to the baseness of men, is bro ken at every opportunity for their advantage but fear preserves you by a dread of punishment which never fails. (Machiavelli 99). He says that being loved creates opportunity for being taken advantage of and being feared doesnt fail. saving fear to his tribe with cruelty would make them united and loyal. Most sight who are fearful of some(prenominal) authority fear punishment, so they are more inclined to non cross the line of dis obedience. Without a doubt, being loved is more desired from the people and has a greater value compared to being feared, however though the perks of being feared can make a leader successful. Since its better to be loved than feared, there are three important characteristics to have to ensure that the new people youre judgment love you these characteristics are being honest, having take to be, and being hold dearive.Honesty is an important characteristic to have because the body of people youre ruling and the track they act is a reflection of yo urself. If you make honest and soundly air a key value, your people will do the same. If you dont make honest and near behavior a key value, your people wont trust that you are always doing the beneficial thing and telling the truth. Machiavelli says, Everyone sees what you appear to be, few experience what you really are. (Machiavelli 106). His quote shouldnt be sure if youre an honest and truthful leader.Machiavelli says in his quote that a leader does not show his contend self to everyone, that he displays an act of honourableness to his people and only reveals what he really is to those who ask for it. beingness an honest leader inside and out will only help gain your peoples trust and true love. This quote also ties into the one that reads it is unnecessary for a prince to have all the good qualities I have enumerated, but it is very necessary to appear to have them. (Machiavelli 250).Machiavelli says that a leader must put on a false face to his people and pretend to have qualities that he does not existingly have. Its not acceptable to hide yourself from your people because if you say youre deprivation to protect them no matter what and you back out when something bad happens, your people will be disappointed and wont have trust in you. A successful leader who wishes to be loved should be honest to his people for who he really is because it will give him respect. You cant gain respect without giving respect.Respect is one of the most important characteristics to have when being a leader because people always want to be in an environment where they feel valued. A leader isnt going to be successful if their people arent happy and feel as if they arent important. If a leader is genuine with respect, his people will be more willing to give back respect and do as he says. Though, the truth is that it is important to give respect whether they feel the leader deserves it or not. As Machiavelli says, A prince is also respected when he is either a t rue friend or a downright enemy. (Machiavelli 250). It doesnt matter the relation you have with your leader, whether theyre a true friend or a downright enemy, youre going to respect them just because theyre your leader. Your people may not like what you do, but you will be respected. Its obvious that being respected out of actual love is the better than being being respected out of fear, and that good respect should lead to good confidence within the leader. The feeling of being protected is desired from a lot of people. If youre a new principal, your students and staff want locks on doors and an officer nearby.If youre the new president of a country, your landed estate wants to know that they have a reliable and strong army fighting for and protecting the country. A successful leader should always be throw for whatever situations may come. Machiavelli says, He who does otherwise, either from timidity or evil advice, is always compelled to keep the knife in his hand. (Machiavelli 61). A leader should always be ready for quick action if some situation should arise. Your people will love and admire you if they know youre protecting them and is always cautious for quick problems.It takes great courage and confidence to take full right for your peoples safety and well being. Being honest, having respect, and being protective are characteristics of being a successful but loved leader that have applied to people from before Machiavellis m all the way up to present day. Its easy to spot feared leaders such as Hitler apart from loved leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. Being loved not feared is better to be if you cannot be both because the people youre leading actually like you for who you are and are willing to do what you say, they arent scared into doing it.Martin Luther King Jr. led his people with the same respect they gave him, he was honest and true with his feelings, and he went above and beyond to change the worlds way of how they treated colored people to protect them from getting hurt and discriminated any longer. His people loved and admire him for who he really was, he didnt hide anything. Martin Luther King Jr. was a successful leader because he was loved and possessed honesty, respect and protectiveness.

Cultural Autobiography Essay

Cultural Biography How My Roots Shape My identityIt is often verbalise that we should non let a single feature of ourselves define who we are. For example, a hoops should not unaccompanied be an athlete, notwithstanding must also value her roles as a sister, a female child, a student, and anything else that gives her purport meaning. A doctor should not only focus on his identity in the medical field but also his place in his neighborhood, his church, and, of course, his family. Otherwise, he would be cerebrateed the workaholic. In roughly(prenominal) cases, though, it is very easy to do. Peoples identities are made up of each the roles they play in their lives. Defining mavinself or mostone else in only way is not healthy because it does not consider the full complexity the person. Thinking of ourselves in a limited way, such as if I considered myself only a student but did not consider my roles as a friend to new(prenominal)s and a family member, could triad to shall ow come backing. Thinking of others in such a way hobo result in stereotyping and notwithstanding discrimination, such as if several(prenominal)one thinks she k instantlys all she that needs to know about someone establish on his religious beliefs.Nonetheless, not all aspects of our identities contribute equally to the whole. Certain elements of our environment and background help to consideration us fundamentally. They bring cutm to serve as a base for everything else that we would learn, do, and become. I think everyone has one or two areas of that nature. For me, I think that one of the most defining traits about me is the stopping point I came from, which is Mainland Chinese. Although I keep an open mind and try to learn new ways of aspect at the world, the beliefs of my breeding often are dominant. If you asked me to describe who I am at my core, I would probably produce that I am a Chinese woman. Culture, of course, comes from the spate round us. As I see it, my f amily, including a boastfully lengthy family, has been the most influential community in shaping who I am today, because they passed on their culture to me.Often we do not realize what is our culture until we leave it. I canremember when I first arrived in America and stayed for a short time with a host family. They had a daughter who was 10 years old. She had a little cold at the time. She drank cold orange juice. I was so shocked that her mother allowed her to drink it. In my family, we note that cold drinks are not good for frantic hatful and that they can hurt the stomach. Many people in china think this way. I could near hear my own mothers voice in my head, scolding her disapproving of the cold drink. She and her sisters could never accept this. After hearing this idea for so some(prenominal) years, I, alike, was starting to entertain the same reaction. When people wanton flu or cold, in China the appropriate drink is thought to be hot water. I suggested to the gi rls mother that she should drink warm water. They both suddenly got a push back look on their faces. They said orange juice would be better because it has a lot of vitamin C to fight the germs. This was one of my first lessons in culture, both American and my own. For my part, I still do not worry to have very cold drinks. However, I do not make any proposal about what other people should drink.In explaining how my family has influenced me, I should discuss some basic elements about Chinese culture. It is collectivist culture, not individual culture bid America. That means that Mainland Chinese caller tends to see the assemblage as being more distinguished than the person. The question then is who is the group. Based on stereotypical western movies or shows, it would be easy to assume that nearly all Chinese act and look equivalent and that they would see themselves as one group. In fact, this is not true at all. Chinese people think in much smaller terms, most typically, an d would see their immediate family, including elders such as parents and grandparents, as their group. In some sense, they would also consider old friends and former and current co-workers to be part of their group. It is not so common in Mainland China to make legion(predicate) new friends as adulthood. People in China depend on these tight networks to help them in hard times, and they have to be ready to hark back the favor at some point in the future. Tight informal networks are very important for getting by in life in China.Chinese culture value family piety. It means we confide in a strong obligation to respect and honor our family members. I would forever and a day try my outperform to take care of my parents and also older relatives such as grandparents, aunts, and uncles. In a broad sense, family members, because all consider themselves a close group, would do almost anything to help each other. As is said in English, they would take the shirt from his or her own back to give to the other person. This kind of thought is based on Confucianism, where pickings care of the family is considered to be the highest value. Unfortunately, a related matter is that sometimes in Mainland China, people are not as quick to get involved when a stranger needs help, and some people without integrity are quick to take advantage of strangers and cheat them. We also do not have as much public volunteer and charity culture, as many people would sprightliness guilty if they spend their silver on people who are outside their own family.The construct of taking care of the family is so important to culture that it is sometimes humorous to other people from other countries. I once was at dinner in a group that included both American and world-wide students. Some people were call on the carpeting about what they would do if they won the lottery. A Chinese boy said he guessed that if he won, he would soon get married, and have a child. His friend, another boy from China, commented that the money would not only last for the lifetime for him and his son, but also for generations into the future. The American boys at the table laughed at the Chinese boys ideas. They thought they should use the money for their own fun, and would not like to get married. However, the Chinese students were looking from Chinese point of view, where not only the individual but the entire family name and bloodline is considered. They see a responsibility to their ancestors and to future bloodline that they should have a child.Personally, I like the viewpoint of thinking about multiple generations and not only focusing on the present. I have always been raised(a) by my family to hold this point of view. Without a network of family and close friends, it is hard to survive in China, oddly during hard times several decades ago. It is not so easy to get credit, so people deposit on their networks to help them make a down payment for a house. Many people escape health insuranc e, and so if they needed and expensive surgery, they could perhaps ask their closest family and associates for help with money. Furthermore, in hospital, it is not like in America where nurses feed and bathe thepatients. In China, patients family members must help with those chores, and nurses usually would not help. As a result of these factors, Chinese people spend a lot of time cultivating their networks by choosing the right gifts on holidays, offering a helping hand when possible, and asking for help when needed. It is fair to maintain that in China, if you do not have close connections in your life, including family members, friends, coworkers, then it is almost like you do not exist, according to societys point of view.On the other hand, if you do have a family, then you feel much more secure and happy. You also get a large amount of money of your own identity from the group quite a from your individual situation. It is important to behave well in society and try to be suc cessful not only for your own sake, but also in set up to create a good name for your family. Therefore I think that sometimes even if I do not feel like watching sometimes, I push myself to do so anyway, because if I came to America and did not perfect well in university, then I would create a forged impression on my family, including parents and extended relatives, as well.In fact, Chinese people from Mainland often do not like to spend time alone or to be in secluded places. We tend to like crowds and a lot of excitement and perceive them as safer because it would be harder for criminals to get away with serious villainy amid a crowd. I felt strongly this way when I first arrived in America, but now I am getting used to peace and quiet. I have heard that Americans often like to go camping or fishing in order to get away from other people. This concept is a little different from China. I remember showing my mother a picture of our campus and she valued to know why it looked s o lonely. Later I took a photo when more students were out walking, and she seemed to feel much more comforted that I was in a safe place. On the other hand, some Americans have told me they think crowds are more dangerous, because it is easier for thieves to pick pockets or commit other crimes.My immediate and extended family has always been a source of much emotional support for me. My mother has several siblings and they each have children, so I have many aunts, uncles, and cousins. They always ask what I am doing in my life and they give me suggestions. They are not afraid to criticize meif they feel it is warranted, such as for eating too much junk foods or not studying hard enough. In Chinese culture, these comments would never be taken as offense but instead in a spirit of caring. I always spend much time finding appropriate Chinese New Year gifts for my aunts and uncles as a show of respect. Sometimes the gifts could be as simple as fruit baskets, chocolates, or cake. I pro ficient want to show them that I am thinking of them. My family, including parents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, serves as my home base on life. I have always felt that no matter what happened, there is a safe haven with many people who always cared about me.Much of Chinese family culture is expressed over food. If I go to visit one of my aunts and she knew I am coming, then it is sure that she will prepare my favorite domed stadium dish. Caring is often expressed with food. From my mother and father and several of their siblings and my grandparents, I learned to cook many dishes at a young. I learned mostly at quite a young age. In this way, too, my family has been the biggest influence on my life, as now I cook almost every day and can take care of myself. I do not need to depend on others to cook and I do not have to go to restaurants except for fun. Over meals, much culture gets passed to children as adults talk about what is going on in their lives and how they handle it. They often give advice to children, but it seems to be that there is not as much two-way communications culture as in America and other Western countries. In other words, adults would not often ask children what they think about things.I am sure that I am not the only person who feels that family has been the largest influence in life, and certainly not the only Chinese person with this idea. In fact, when we are away from our families, we try to recreate the experience in some ways. In UC, there are many Chinese students all in the same situation, donjon away from their home country. We have formed friend groups and often cook together, go to restaurants, or go to other activities. At times, groups of students even go on vacation to New York or Chicago or other locations. As it is in China, most social activities for us here have revolved around eating food. We often chat, give each other advice, and try to help each other to study and make good grades. As vitamin and other health sup plements are very popular, we often discuss productsthat we have tried or plan to try. Everyone has similar goals and we almost do not even need to say them out loud, because they are widely known. We all come from similar kinds of families, usually involved in business. Everyone wants to make good grades, be successful, and make their parents happy.My friends are a very important group to me here, but in my overall life, I guess they are not nearly as influential to me as my relatives are. Chinese families were large for many years, sometimes with seven to 10 children. I know that my great grandmother came from a very large family. However, because of overpopulation, China has implemented the one-child policy. Although there are exceptions, the general rule is that only one child is allowed per couple. Now China is becoming a land of spoiled only-children. I often extol what will happen to Chinas family culture and if culture and knowledge will be passed down as efficiently. Many people grow up without uncles, aunts, cousins or, of course, siblings. This seems to be a significant social rationalize for a country whose character is still collectivist. Perhaps China will make the shift rather quickly to a culture of individualism.Or perhaps they will express collectivism in some other different formats, such as neighborhood groups and volunteer societies. At any rate, eventually insurrection population of people without close relatives to watch after them as they age will mean a need for more caregiving and health care professionals. There are many aspects that define my life, including my status as a student, family member, and friend. While these are important roles, they do not capture everything about who I am. unmatched element that runs deeper than those items is my culture, most of which I received from relatives. I grew up in China until coming to educate at UC. My thinking has certainly been influenced by the time I have spent living abroad, but i t nonetheless does continue to be Chinese at the heart. In a Chinese family, your family is almost literally all that you have to depend on in many cases. I am quite glad that I have a wonderful family.